Koloa is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Kauaʻi County, Hawaiʻi, United States. The population was 2,144 at the 2010 census.  That was up from 1,942 at the 2000 census. The first successful sugarcane plantation in the Hawaiian Islands was started in 1835. It is now a part of Grove Farm in 1948.

The name Kōloa is often incorrectly translated as “native duck”. It is the correct translation for the similar-looking Koloa (without the macron). Kōloa has no known translation. According to one account. The district of Kōloa was named for a steep rock called Pali-o-kō-loa. Which was found in Waikomo Stream.

Kōloa is located on the southern side of the island of Kauai. It is bordered to the northwest by Omao and to the south by Poipu.

The Old Sugar Mill of Koloa was the first major sugarcane plantation in Hawaii in 1835. Missionary Daniel Dole and his family opened a boarding school for English-speaking children. In The Old Sugar Mill of Koloa was the first major sugarcane plantation in Hawaii in 1835.^[6][7] Missionary Daniel Dole and his family opened a boarding school for English-speaking children, sometimes called the Koloa Academy.